How to Prevent and Treat Heat Rash Effectively | 夏季湿热长痱子，医生建议这样做

What is Heat Rash? 什么是痱子？

Heat rash, also known as prickly heat or miliaria, occurs when sweat ducts become blocked. This skin condition can appear as tiny bubbles or small pimples under the skin. Common areas for heat rash include the neck, chest, back, and areas where skin rubs together, like the armpits. Unlike acne, heat rash doesn't form around hair follicles.

痱子，也称为热疹或粟粒疹，是一种因炎热或大量出汗时出现的皮肤问题，看上去像皮下的一簇微小气泡或一簇小疹子。其形成原因主要是由于高温闷热环境下，人体出汗过多，汗液不易蒸发，导致汗腺导管被角质层堵塞，汗液滞留并外渗到周围组织，从而引发丘疹、水疱或脓疱等皮损。

痱子常见于颈部、胸部、背部和皮肤相互摩擦的部位 (如腋窝）。与痤疮及毛囊炎不同，痱子不会在毛囊周围形成。

Who Gets Heat Rash? 好发痱子的人群

Heat rash can affect anyone, but it's more common in:

Infants and Young Children: They have underdeveloped sweat glands, making them more prone to heat rash.

Adults in Hot and Humid Climates: Extended exposure to heat and humidity can block sweat ducts.

Physically Active People: Exercise or physical labor in hot conditions can increase sweating, leading to heat rash.

Overweight or Obese Individuals: Excess body fat can trap heat and cause more sweating.

Bedridden or Immobilized Patients: Lack of movement and prolonged contact with bedding can lead to heat rash.

Fever: Fever can lead to excessive sweating, which might result in a heat rash.

在高温闷热环境下任何人都可能长痱子，尤其常发生在以下人群：

婴儿和幼儿：婴幼儿的汗腺尚未完全发育，因此更容易长痱子；

活动于炎热潮湿气候中的人群：因长时间暴露在高温和高湿度环境中导致汗腺堵塞；

活动量大的人群：在高温条件下运动或体力劳动会增加出汗，从而引起痱子；

超重或肥胖的人：过多的体脂会积聚热量并导致更多出汗；

长期卧床或行动不便的患者：缺乏活动和与床上用品长期接触会导致痱子；

因发热而大量流汗：发热可能导致过度出汗，从而引发痱子。

How to Treat Heat Rash?

痱子的缓解与治疗

Heat rash usually goes away once the body cools down. Here are some tips to help:

Stay Cool: Avoid overheating and keep the environment cool.

Wear Loose Clothing: Opt for loose cotton clothing to allow the skin to breathe.

Avoid Plastic-covered Mattresses: They can trap heat.

Use Soothing Lotions: Calamine lotion or topical steroids can help relieve symptoms. Since calamine lotion can be drying, an emollient may also be needed.

Most heat rash cases resolve within a day or two in a cooler environment. However, seek medical advice if you develop a fever or suspect a skin infection. Signs of infection include pain, warmth, swelling, redness, oozing pus, or scabs.

痱子通常在保持身体干燥凉爽后会自行消失。以下是一些帮助缓解与治疗的方法：

保持凉爽：避免过热，并保持环境通风；

穿宽松的衣物：选择宽松的棉质衣物，让皮肤透气；

避免使用塑料复盖的床垫：这些床垫会积聚热量；

使用舒缓的乳液：炉甘石洗剂或外用类固醇可以帮助缓解症状。由于炉甘石洗剂可使皮肤干燥，使用的同时要注意搭配使用保湿乳霜。

大多数的痱子，在较凉爽的环境中一两天内就会自行消失。如果出现发烧或怀疑为皮肤感染，应寻求医疗协助。感染的症状包括疼痛、发热、肿胀、发红、流脓或结痂。